Tag Archives: Times Microwave

Walk through any wholesale electronics market — or spend five minutes on Alibaba — and you’ll find dozens of cables advertised as “LMR-400 compatible”, “LMR-400 equivalent”, or simply “50Ω coaxial cable, same as LMR-400”. The price is typically 30–60% lower than genuine Times Microwave cable. That gap is real, and it comes from somewhere.

This article looks at what separates a genuine Times Microwave LMR-400 from an unbranded OEM alternative at a technical level: conductor material, dielectric, shielding, attenuation, mechanical tolerances, and environmental ratings. The differences aren’t always dramatic on a datasheet — they tend to show up in the field, at high frequencies, and over time.

What Is LMR-400?

LMR-400 is a trademarked cable design by Times Microwave Systems (USA). It was developed as a low-loss, flexible alternative to rigid coaxial cables for RF installations. “LMR” stands for Land Mobile Radio, though the cable has long since found use in VSAT, broadcast, and general RF applications.

The “400” refers to the cable’s nominal outer diameter of approximately 10.3mm (0.405 inches). Times Microwave publishes a detailed specification sheet for LMR-400, manufactured to tight tolerances at their US facility.

Because “LMR-400” has become a shorthand in the industry for “good quality 50Ω coaxial cable in the 10mm diameter class”, many manufacturers produce cables to a similar physical form factor and market them using the LMR-400 name — even though they are not manufactured by Times Microwave and are not covered by its specifications.

Construction: What’s Inside Each Cable

Both genuine LMR-400 and OEM alternatives share a broadly similar physical construction: centre conductor, foam dielectric, outer conductor (shield), and outer jacket. The meaningful differences are in the materials used at each layer.

Centre Conductor

Genuine LMR-400: Solid bare copper, 0.108″ (2.74mm) diameter. Copper has a resistivity of 1.72 × 10⁻⁸ Ω·m — one of the lowest of any practical conductor material.

Generic OEM: Many unbranded cables use copper-clad aluminium (CCA) rather than solid copper. CCA has a thin layer of copper bonded around an aluminium core. At RF frequencies, the skin effect concentrates current in the outer surface of the conductor — and because that surface is copper, CCA approaches copper performance at high frequencies where the cladding is thick enough relative to skin depth. The practical issues with CCA are primarily mechanical: it is harder to solder, more prone to work-hardening when bent repeatedly, and aluminium oxidises if the copper cladding is breached at a connector crimp, leading to higher contact resistance over time. Some OEM cables do use solid copper conductors — worth verifying with any supplier before purchase.

Dielectric

Genuine LMR-400: Physically foamed polyethylene (FPE), bonded to the outer conductor, with a velocity of propagation of 85%. The bonded construction keeps the dielectric fixed relative to the conductors, which helps maintain impedance consistency along the cable’s length.

Generic OEM: Usually also foam polyethylene. The foam density and uniformity can vary between manufacturers. A less controlled foam structure leads to less consistent impedance along the cable’s length, which matters most in precision RF applications.

Outer Conductor (Shield)

Genuine LMR-400: Bonded aluminium foil tape plus tinned copper braid at 95% coverage. Shielding effectiveness: greater than 90 dB across the operating frequency range. The foil provides continuous coverage; the tinned copper braid provides mechanical strength and low-resistance bonding to connectors.

Generic OEM: Many cables use aluminium foil plus aluminium braid rather than tinned copper braid. Aluminium braid is lighter and cheaper. Shielding coverage is similarly quoted at 90–95%, but contact resistance at connector interfaces is higher because aluminium oxidises more readily than tinned copper. Shielding effectiveness figures for generic cables are rarely independently tested.

Outer Jacket

Genuine LMR-400: UV-stabilised black polyethylene (PE), rated from −40°C to +85°C, with verified UV resistance for direct outdoor exposure.

Generic OEM: Typically also black PE with the same temperature rating claimed, but UV stabiliser content and long-term UV resistance vary and are rarely independently verified. In Gulf climates — where cable-in-conduit temperatures can exceed 50°C and UV index peaks at 11+ in summer — jacket quality has a direct impact on cable service life.

Attenuation: Specified vs Observed

Times Microwave publishes the following attenuation figures for LMR-400. Generic OEM cables with solid copper conductors typically specify values close to these — within 5–15% at most frequencies. The gap tends to widen at higher frequencies.

The meaningful differences appear in three areas. First, attenuation at high frequencies: the skin effect amplifies any variation in conductor surface quality above 2 GHz. Second, batch-to-batch consistency: tight manufacturing tolerances mean each reel of genuine LMR-400 performs within a narrow, predictable range — OEM cables can vary more between production runs. Third, aged performance: connector interface oxidation (from CCA or aluminium braid) and jacket degradation can cause measurably higher losses after several years in outdoor installations.

Connector Fit and Termination

LMR-400 connectors (N-type, SMA, TNC) are tooled to the Times Microwave specification. OEM cables are dimensionally close, and in most cases the same connectors fit. However, tolerances on the foam dielectric outer diameter and braid outer diameter can vary slightly, occasionally causing loose connector bodies, incomplete crimping, or gaps at the connector-to-braid contact — any of which reduces shielding continuity and can increase contact resistance over time.

Problems arise most often when mixing genuine LMR-400 connectors with OEM cable, or vice versa. If you’re buying cable and connectors from the same OEM supplier, the two are typically dimensioned to fit each other.

Key Specifications Side-by-Side

Where the Difference Is Most Noticeable

The gap between genuine LMR-400 and a good generic alternative is modest in a benign environment — short runs, moderate frequencies, controlled temperature, indoor or sheltered installation. In these conditions, a well-made OEM cable performs adequately and the cost difference is meaningful.

The gap widens in several scenarios. On long IFL runs at L-band, the difference between 8.4 dB/100m and 9.5 dB/100m over 50 metres is 0.55 dB — noticeable but unlikely to break a link budget on its own. At 60m or more, or if the cable is ageing and developing connector degradation, the margin erodes further.

For outdoor installations in Gulf climates, sustained cable-in-conduit temperatures above 50°C combined with intense UV puts jacket quality under real stress. A jacket that begins cracking at year 3 on a rooftop installation creates a moisture path into the cable — and even small amounts of moisture ingress increase attenuation significantly and unpredictably.

In high-shielding-sensitivity applications — a receive antenna near a transmit path, or a dense urban RF environment — the difference between a verified >90 dB cable and an untested OEM cable can matter. And for mission-critical systems where uptime is measured commercially, the known provenance and verified specification of genuine LMR-400 removes one variable from a complex installation.

For less critical applications — a 10m WiFi antenna run, a lab test bench connection, or an indoor patch — a good-quality OEM cable is entirely reasonable.

Frequently Asked Questions