When someone says “LMR cable” on a VSAT or radio installation, they almost always mean Times Microwave Systems’ LMR series — the industry standard for low-loss 50Ω coaxial cable. The range runs from the 2.79mm LMR-100 pigtail all the way to the 22mm LMR-900 long-haul run, and choosing the wrong model either wastes budget or degrades your link.

This guide covers the full LMR lineup: what each model is, where it belongs, connector compatibility, and how to specify correctly for VSAT IFL, two-way radio feedlines, and general RF installations.

What Does LMR Stand For?

LMR stands for Low-loss Microwave RF. Times Microwave Systems introduced the LMR series as a direct replacement for legacy RG-series cables (RG-58, RG-8, RG-213) — cables designed in the 1940s that hadn’t kept pace with modern RF requirements.

The number after “LMR” is roughly the outside diameter in hundredths of an inch: LMR-400 is ~0.405″ OD, LMR-600 is ~0.590″ OD. The larger the number, the thicker the cable and the lower the signal loss per metre. All LMR cables are 50Ω and use foam polyethylene dielectric with a bonded foil + braid shield — the combination that gives them their attenuation advantage over solid-PE RG cables.

LMR Series: Full Specs at a Glance

All values approximate. Refer to Times Microwave datasheets for exact published specifications.

LMR vs Legacy RG Cable: The Real Difference

The most common question when switching to LMR is: “is it really that much better than RG-213?” The answer is yes — by a significant margin:

On a 20m antenna feedline at 450 MHz, RG-213 loses ~3 dB — LMR-400 loses ~1 dB. That 2 dB difference is real link margin, and it can be the difference between a reliable radio network and intermittent dropouts on a fringe site.

Which LMR Cable for Which Application?

LMR-100 — Equipment Jumpers and Pigtails

LMR-100 is the thinnest and most flexible cable in the range. At 2.79mm OD it’s used for very short equipment connections: jumpers, test leads, and patch leads inside enclosures where flexibility is critical and run length is under 1–2 metres. Not suitable for outdoor runs or anything beyond short internal connections.

LMR-195 — Short Patch Cables and Radio Leads

At 4.95mm OD, LMR-195 is the best replacement for RG-58 — same size, dramatically lower loss. Well suited for patch cables on equipment racks, short antenna leads on mobile radios, and general RF connections where RG-58 is currently used. Keep runs under 15m at VHF/UHF.

LMR-240 — VHF/UHF Short Feedlines

LMR-240 (6.10mm OD) suits short base station antenna feedlines up to ~20m at VHF/UHF, or comms room rack cabling where some flexibility is needed. The 25mm minimum bend radius makes it reasonably easy to route through tight spaces and conduit.

LMR-400 — VSAT IFL (≤30m) and Radio Base Station Feedlines

LMR-400 is the workhorse of the range. At 10.29mm OD it’s the standard cable for VSAT IFL runs up to 30m at Ku-band, two-way radio base station antenna feedlines up to 50m at VHF/UHF, and the majority of outdoor RF installation runs. It’s the default choice when no other constraint applies.

LMR-600 — VSAT IFL (30–60m) and Long Radio Feedlines

When your IFL run exceeds 30m but stays under 60m at Ku-band, LMR-600 (14.99mm OD) is the correct cable. Its attenuation at 5.8 GHz is ~8.5 dB/100m vs LMR-400’s ~15.7 dB/100m — a significant advantage for longer satellite runs. It’s less flexible (minimum bend radius 38mm) and requires more planning during installation, but there’s no alternative when the run length demands it.

LMR-900 — Long IFL Runs (60–100m+) and Earth Stations

LMR-900 (22.10mm OD) is used for long IFL runs in large VSAT earth stations, broadcast uplink facilities, and teleports where cable runs exceed 60–80m. Attenuation at 1 GHz is just 2.4 dB/100m — about one-third of LMR-400. The trade-offs are stiffness (100mm minimum bend radius) and cost. Requires appropriately sized N-type or 7/16 DIN connectors.

Application Quick-Select

Connector Compatibility

LMR cables use standard 50Ω connectors — but you must match the connector body to the cable series. Using an LMR-400 connector on LMR-600 cable will result in a poor crimp and intermittent contact in the field.

LMR vs LMR-DB (Direct Burial)

Times Microwave offers a -DB (Direct Burial) variant for most LMR models — LMR-400-DB, LMR-600-DB, etc. The DB variant adds a gel-filled or solid PE jacket designed for direct burial in soil without conduit. Electrical specifications are identical to the standard version. If any part of your cable run is underground, specify the DB variant — standard LMR jackets are not designed for prolonged soil contact.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is LMR-400 suitable for outdoor installation in the UAE?

Yes. Standard LMR-400 has a UV-resistant black polyethylene outer jacket rated for outdoor exposure. For direct underground burial, specify LMR-400-DB.

What’s the difference between LMR-400 and LMR-400-UF (Ultra Flex)?

LMR-400-UF uses a stranded centre conductor instead of solid copper, making it significantly more flexible for routing in tight spaces. Attenuation is marginally higher (~5–8%) but negligible for most applications. Both use the same connector bodies and termination tools.

Can I use LMR-600 everywhere instead of LMR-400?

You can, but it costs more per metre, is stiffer to route, and the performance gain on runs under 30m is small. LMR-400 is the correct choice for standard VSAT IFL runs. Reserve LMR-600 for runs that genuinely exceed 30m at Ku-band.

Do LMR cables work at Ku-band (14 GHz)?

LMR-400 and larger models are rated for Ku-band frequencies. At 14 GHz, LMR-400 loses approximately 30 dB/100m, limiting practical IFL runs to ~30m. LMR-600 extends this to ~60m and LMR-900 to ~100m+.

Are LMR cables 50Ω or 75Ω?

All LMR cables in this guide are 50Ω — the standard for VSAT, satellite, and two-way radio applications. Times Microwave also produces 75Ω LMR variants for broadcast/CATV distribution. Never mix 50Ω and 75Ω cables in the same RF path without an appropriate matching network.

Shop Times Microwave LMR Cables at Bravo Satcom

The cable run between your VSAT outdoor unit and your modem is called the IFL — Intermediate Frequency Link. It carries the satellite signal after the LNB has downconverted it from Ku or C-band to L-band (950–2150 MHz), and it carries the uplink signal from your BUC before transmission.

Get the IFL cable wrong — wrong type, wrong length, connectors not properly terminated — and your link budget suffers before a single packet reaches the satellite. This guide covers what the IFL is, how to choose the right cable, how to calculate loss for your specific run, and what maximum lengths apply to each cable type.

What Is an IFL Cable?

IFL stands for Intermediate Frequency Link. It is the coaxial cable connecting two points in a VSAT system:

The LNB downconverts the received satellite signal from Ku-band (10.7–12.75 GHz) or C-band (3.7–4.2 GHz) to L-band (950–2150 MHz). The BUC upconverts the transmit signal from L-band to Ku or C-band. The IFL cable carries both of these L-band signals simultaneously — receive down, transmit up — through a single coax run. The IFL also carries DC power from the modem to the LNB and, in most systems, carries the DiSEqC or tone commands that control LNB polarisation and band switching.

IFL Cable Specifications

Frequency Range

The IFL operates at L-band: 950 MHz to 2,150 MHz for most Ku-band VSAT systems.

Impedance and Connectors

All IFL cables are 50Ω. Do not use 75Ω cable (standard satellite TV cable) for IFL runs — the impedance mismatch introduces reflections and degrades signal quality. Both ends terminate in N-type connectors, the standard for VSAT IFL work. See the N-Type vs SMA vs BNC connector guide for a full comparison.

Cable Types for IFL Runs

The Times Microwave LMR series is the industry standard for VSAT IFL installations.

Attenuation at 2 GHz per 100m — visual comparison:

For a direct cable comparison, see LMR-400 vs LMR-600: Which Should You Choose?

IFL Signal Loss: How to Calculate Your Run

Attenuation accumulates with distance. Every metre of cable, every connector, and every in-line component adds insertion loss.

Total loss (dB) = Cable loss (dB/m) × Run length (m) + Connector loss × Count + In-line component losses

A good N-type connector pair adds approximately 0.1–0.2 dB. Surge arrestors add 0.3–0.5 dB each.

LMR-400 Loss Reference

LMR-600 Loss Reference

Maximum IFL Run Lengths

For runs beyond 75m on LMR-400, move to LMR-600. For runs exceeding 150m, consider relocating the modem closer to the dish or using a fibre optic IFL.

DC Power and Voltage Drop on Long Runs

The IFL cable carries DC power from the modem to the LNB (typically 13V or 18V at up to 500 mA). LMR-400 centre conductor resistance: ~1.4 Ω per 100m. At 100m with 400 mA LNB current, voltage drop ≈ 0.56V — within tolerance for most systems. At 200m+ on LMR-400, verify LNB minimum operating voltage against actual delivered voltage before commissioning.

Weatherproofing the ODU Connection

Moisture ingress at the N-type connector where the IFL meets the LNB or BUC is one of the most common causes of IFL degradation in the GCC. Weatherproof every outdoor connection on the day of installation.

Common IFL Installation Mistakes

Sourcing IFL Cable in the UAE and GCC

For professional-grade IFL installations — Times Microwave LMR-400, LMR-600, with matched N-type crimp connectors — source from a distributor carrying genuine Times Microwave product. Off-brand cable with inconsistent impedance control introduces return loss problems that are difficult to diagnose without a VNA.

Bravo Satcom carries LMR cable and RF connectors suited to VSAT IFL installations across the GCC.

Summary

The IFL cable is a critical and often underspecified component in VSAT installations. Use 50Ω LMR-series cable — LMR-400 for runs up to 75m, LMR-600 beyond that. Calculate your total IFL loss including connectors and in-line components, weatherproof every outdoor connection, and verify DC voltage delivery on long runs.

Pick the wrong RF connector and you create a mismatch that costs you signal, adds insertion loss, or fails mechanically in the field. N-Type, SMA, and BNC connectors are all used on 50Ω coaxial systems, they all look broadly similar to the uninitiated, and they are absolutely not interchangeable.

This guide covers the real differences — frequency limits, coupling mechanism, weatherproofing, size, and which connector belongs where — so you can make the right call on the next installation or procurement.

Quick Reference: N-Type vs SMA vs BNC

N-Type Connector

N-Type (or Type-N) was developed in the late 1940s for military communications — a lineage that tells you something about its design priorities. It is a large, threaded, weatherproof connector built for outdoor and high-power RF applications. The hex coupling nut locks securely and resists vibration, which is why it is still the connector of choice for antenna feedlines and VSAT installations decades later.

N-Type Specifications

Where N-Type Is Used

VSAT IFL cable runs — The intermediate frequency link between the ODU and modem operates at L-band (950–2,150 MHz). N-type is the standard interface at both ends. At 1–2 GHz the connector’s 11 GHz headroom is irrelevant, but its weatherproofing and robust coupling are not.

Antenna feedlines and tower work — Any run from a base station radio to an antenna uses N-type. The cable is exposed to wind, UV, and rain; the connector needs to be too.

LMR-400 and larger cables — The physical dimensions of N-type suit the larger LMR cable families. An N-type crimp connector on LMR-400 is the most common termination combination in outdoor RF installations in the GCC.

High-power RF — When you are driving a power amplifier into an antenna and the cable carries high power, N-type’s voltage rating and low contact resistance matter. SMA and BNC are not appropriate at high power levels.

SMA Connector

SMA (SubMiniature version A) was designed in the 1960s for microwave frequencies where physical size affects electrical performance. It is significantly smaller than N-type, uses a precision 1/4″-36 threaded coupling, and is rated to 18 GHz in standard form — making it the default for microwave and laboratory applications.

SMA Specifications

Where SMA Is Used

GPS and GNSS equipment — Nearly all GPS receiver modules and antennas use SMA or RPSMA. If you are running GPS cables to a VSAT terminal, modem, or asset tracking unit, you are dealing with SMA.

Indoor radio and wireless equipment — Small form-factor radios, modems, and routers in the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and sub-6 GHz bands use SMA or RPSMA.

Test and measurement above 11 GHz — For measurements in Ku-band and above, SMA is the only option among these three connectors.

BNC Connector

BNC (Bayonet Neill–Concelman) is quick to connect and disconnect — one quarter-turn to lock — which is its main advantage. It was widely used in legacy radio, test equipment, and broadcast video. The bayonet mechanism is fast but does not thread, so it cannot be torqued down and provides no environmental sealing.

BNC Specifications

Where BNC Is Used

Test equipment and oscilloscopes — BNC is the standard probe interface on oscilloscopes and most benchtop instruments below 1 GHz.

Broadcast video (75Ω) — The 75Ω BNC variant is the universal interface for HD-SDI video cabling. These look identical to 50Ω BNC but are not electrically compatible.

Network timing and 10 MHz reference signals — GPS disciplined oscillators (GPSDO) and network timing equipment typically output 10 MHz reference on BNC.

How to Choose: Decision Guide

By Application

By Frequency

By Environment

Adapters: When You Have the Wrong Connector

Adapters between connector types are available and widely used, but they add insertion loss and reflections at higher frequencies. Keep adapters to one per signal path and do not use them on a connector you mate and unmate frequently — the wear happens on the adapter body.

What Cables Work With Each Connector

For VSAT and radio installations, the Times Microwave LMR series covers most cable runs. Here is how the connectors map to common LMR cables:

Summary

N-Type, SMA, and BNC serve different roles in RF systems. N-Type is the outdoor, high-power, weatherproof choice for antenna feedlines and VSAT IFL runs. SMA handles microwave frequencies up to 18 GHz and belongs on indoor equipment, GPS cabling, and test benches. BNC is a legacy quick-connect connector suited to sub-4 GHz test equipment and broadcast video. Using the wrong one means you are either over-specifying and paying for it, or under-specifying and paying for it later in a fault call.

If you’re specifying cable for a VSAT antenna, two-way radio system, or any RF installation, you’ve likely hit the same question: LMR-400 or LMR-600? Both are Times Microwave Systems’ most popular flexible coax cables — low loss, UV-resistant, and built for outdoor use. The difference comes down to run length, signal loss budget, and how much space you have to work with.

This guide gives you the specs, the attenuation data, and a clear decision rule.

Physical Specs: Side by Side

The bigger conductor in LMR-600 (0.176″ vs 0.108″) is the reason it outperforms LMR-400 on signal loss — lower DC resistance means less energy dissipated as heat per foot of cable.

Signal Attenuation: The Numbers That Matter

Attenuation is measured in dB per 100 feet — the lower the number, the better. Based on Times Microwave Systems official specifications:

LMR-600 delivers roughly 35% less attenuation at all frequencies compared to LMR-400. That gap compounds quickly over longer runs.

When LMR-400 Is the Right Choice

LMR-400 is the industry standard for good reason. Choose it when:

Run length is under 30 metres (100 ft). At this distance, the loss difference between LMR-400 and LMR-600 is minimal and doesn’t justify the cost or weight difference.

You need flexibility. With a 1.0″ minimum bend radius, LMR-400 is significantly easier to route through conduit, around corners, and in tight equipment racks.

Weight matters. At 0.068 lbs/ft (vs 0.131 lbs/ft for LMR-600), LMR-400 is nearly half the weight — important for rooftop or tower installations where cable tray loading is a concern.

Budget is a factor. LMR-400 is meaningfully less expensive per metre than LMR-600, making it the practical default for short-to-medium runs.

LMR-400 is the cable of choice for most VSAT antenna-to-modem runs, two-way radio base station feeders, and short rooftop drops.

When You Should Upgrade to LMR-600

Move to LMR-600 when signal loss budget is tight:

Run length exceeds 30–40 metres (100–130 ft). Beyond this point, the accumulated loss in LMR-400 starts eating into your link margin — especially at higher frequencies (Ku-band IF at 950–1,450 MHz and above).

High-power applications. LMR-600’s larger conductor handles more RF power before thermal losses become a concern — relevant for high-wattage BUC installations where every dB matters.

You’re running at 1 GHz or above over long distances. Attenuation increases with frequency. A 60-metre Ku-band IF run at 1,500 MHz in LMR-400 loses ~7.0 dB. In LMR-600, the same run loses ~4.4 dB. That 2.6 dB difference can be the margin between a stable link and intermittent dropouts.

Maximum cable run distances: LMR-600 supports antenna cable runs up to 400 ft (120 m) without inline amplification. LMR-400 is typically limited to around 200 ft (60 m) before loss becomes unacceptable at Ku-band frequencies.

Cost and Installation

LMR-600 typically costs 30–50% more per metre than LMR-400. It’s also heavier and stiffer, requiring more careful routing and stronger support hardware — cable trays and support clamps need to account for the increased weight (0.131 lbs/ft vs 0.068 lbs/ft).

Connectors are cable-specific — don’t mix LMR-400 and LMR-600 connectors. If you’re terminating in the field, LMR-600 requires a larger stripper tool and more robust crimp or compression fittings. Both cables accept Times Microwave Systems EZ push-on connectors, which eliminates soldering on site.

The Simple Decision Rule

If you’re ever in doubt, calculate your total path loss budget: add up the cable loss, connector insertion loss (~0.1 dB per connector), and any other passive components. If the total pushes you within 1–2 dB of your link margin, upgrade to LMR-600.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I mix LMR-400 and LMR-600 in the same run?

Yes, but only with proper barrel adapters. Keep the LMR-600 section on the longer runs and use LMR-400 for short flexible jumpers at each end.

Are LMR-400 and LMR-600 connectors interchangeable?

No. Each cable requires its own connector size. LMR-400 and LMR-600 both accept N-type, TNC, and SMA connectors — but in their respective sizes. They are not physically compatible with each other.

Which cable is better for outdoor VSAT installations in hot climates?

Both use a black UV-protected polyethylene jacket rated for −40°C to +85°C, making them suitable for the UAE and GCC climate. For buried runs, specify LMR-DB (watertight/flooded version) from Times Microwave Systems.

Does LMR-600 need different support hardware?

Yes. At 0.131 lbs/ft, LMR-600 requires stronger cable trays and more frequent support points — approximately every 18–24 inches on horizontal runs vs every 24–36 inches for LMR-400.

Shop LMR Coaxial Cable at Bravo Satcom

Belden 9116 is a high-quality coaxial cable that I commonly use for audio, video, and data transmission applications. In this article, I’ll explore the best characteristics of the Belden 9116 cable and how to utilize it optimally for various use cases.

Key Characteristics of Belden 9116 Cable

• Low Signal Loss: The Belden 9116 cable is designed to minimize attenuation, ensuring signal integrity over longer distances.
• Robust Shielding: The cable features a 100% coverage aluminum foil and braided shield, providing excellent protection against electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI).
• Flexibility and Durability: The Belden 9116 cable is relatively flexible and has a durable PVC jacket, making it suitable for various environments, including industrial and outdoor settings.
• Wide Bandwidth: The cable supports a broad frequency range, making it suitable for high-speed data applications.
• Impedance Match: The 9116 cable has a characteristic impedance of 75 ohms, matching the standard used in many audio/video and RF applications.

Optimal Usage for Belden 9116 Cable

1. Audio/Video Applications: I commonly use the Belden 9116 cable for connecting audio/video equipment such as TVs, amplifiers, DVRs, and home theater systems. It can transmit high-quality analog and digital audio/video signals over long distances with minimal signal loss.

2. RF and Antenna Connections: The Belden 9116 cable is suitable for use in radio frequency (RF) applications, such as connecting antennas to receivers or transmitters. I can use it for distributing antenna signals in a multi-room or multi-device setup, such as a whole-home TV antenna distribution system.

3. Data Transmission: The Belden 9116 cable can also be used for high-speed data transmission, such as in Ethernet or other digital data networks. Its low-loss and shielding characteristics make it suitable for reliable data transmission over longer distances.

Tips for Optimal Belden 9116 Cable Usage

• Proper Termination: I ensure that connectors are properly crimped or soldered to avoid signal loss. I use quality connectors compatible with the cable.
• Minimize Cable Length: I keep cable runs as short as possible to maintain signal quality.
• Avoid Sharp Bends: When installing, I avoid sharp bends and twists in the cable to prevent degrading the cable performance.
• Use in Shielded Environments: For maximum performance, I utilize the cable in shielded environments or with additional shielding techniques.
• Test the Installation: I always test the installation with appropriate tools to ensure that signal integrity is maintained.

By understanding the characteristics and following the optimal usage guidelines, I can ensure that the Belden 9116 cable delivers reliable and high-quality performance in my audio/video, RF, and data transmission applications.

Belden, a global leader in the design, manufacture, and marketing of signal transmission solutions, has earned a reputation for delivering high-quality, reliable coaxial cables for a wide range of applications. Whether you’re working in broadcast, industrial, or enterprise environments, Belden cables provide the performance and durability you need to ensure seamless signal transmission.

Why Choose Belden Cable?

Belden cables are engineered to meet the demands of today’s complex communication systems. They offer:

• Superior Signal Integrity: Belden’s meticulous design and manufacturing processes ensure minimal signal loss and distortion, guaranteeing reliable data transmission.
• Exceptional Durability: Built to withstand harsh environments and demanding applications, Belden cables offer long-lasting performance, even under extreme conditions.
• Wide Range of Applications: From broadcast studios to industrial automation systems, Belden cables are designed for diverse applications, offering tailored solutions for specific needs.
• Industry-Leading Support: Belden provides comprehensive technical support and resources to help you select the right cable for your project and ensure optimal performance.

Belden Cable Types and Applications

Table 1: Belden Cable Types and Applications

Choosing the Right Belden Cable

Selecting the right Belden cable depends on several factors, including:

• Application: The specific use case will determine the required cable type, impedance, and performance characteristics.
• Frequency: The operating frequency of the signal will influence the cable’s attenuation and impedance.
• Environment: The environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, and exposure to chemicals, will dictate the cable’s durability and shielding requirements.
• Cable Length: The length of the cable will impact signal loss and the need for amplification.

Belden Cable Installation and Maintenance

Proper installation and maintenance are crucial for ensuring optimal performance and longevity of Belden cables.

• Proper Termination: Use high-quality connectors and ensure proper termination techniques to minimize signal loss and reflection.
• Cable Routing: Route cables to avoid sharp bends, kinks, and excessive strain.
• Environmental Protection: Protect cables from moisture, UV exposure, and other environmental hazards.
• Regular Inspection: Periodically inspect cables for signs of damage or wear and tear.

Belden Cable: A Trusted Partner for High-Performance Connectivity

Belden cables are a reliable choice for demanding applications, providing superior signal integrity, exceptional durability, and a wide range of options to meet your specific needs. With a commitment to quality, innovation, and customer support, Belden continues to be a trusted partner for high-performance connectivity solutions.

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